Assessment of Malaria Incidence among Children Aged Three to Fifty- nine Months From a Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) Area in Burkina Faso
Main Article Content
Abstract
In Burkina Faso, malaria is a public health problem, with an estimated morbidity of 12 million cases and more than 4,000 deaths annually. In response to this situation and following the recommendations of the World Health Organisation, Burkina Faso adopted seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in 2014 as a major prevention strategy for children aged 3–59 months. This study was conducted to assess the impact of this strategy on malaria incidence in the Garango Health District of Burkina Faso. This was an evaluative and descriptive study of the seasonal malaria chemoprevention campaign. Data were collected from 22 July to 15 November 2019 from 628 children aged 3–59 months, followed for four (4) months. The coverage rate for all four SMC cycles was 32.17%. The proportions of children compliant with SMC in cycles 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 60.99%,60.99%, 54.30%, and 55.89%, respectively. The incidence of malaria varied ccording to the cycle and the SMC compliance. The range was 28.95% to 0.28%. In cycle 1, it was 3/380 (0.79%) among compliant children and 55/190 (28.95%)among noncompliant children. The relationship between treatment compliance and malaria occurrence was statistically significant during the four cycles (p=0.00). Children who were not compliant were more likely to have malaria attacks after the cycle than those who were compliant. The effectiveness of SMCin the Garango health district is reflected in the remarkable reduction in malaria incidenceinthe study population, which in turn is dependent on the level of reatment adherence and coverage.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
1. Coldiron, M. E., Assao, B., Guindo, O., Sayinzoga-Makombe, N., Koscalova, A., Sterk, E., Michel, Q., Iza, C., Ann, M., Salifou, A., Céline, L. & Rebecca, F. G. (2021). Prevalence of malaria in an area receiving seasonal malaria hemoprevention in Niger. Malaria Journal, 20(1):419-26. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03953-2
2. Grant, J., Sagara, I., Zongo, I., Cairns, M., Yerbanga, R. S., Diarra, D., Zoungrana, C., Issiaka, D., Nikièma, F., Sompougdou, F., Tapily, A., Kaya, M. Haro, A., Sanogo, K., Sienou, A. S., Traore, S., Thera, I., Yalcouye, H., Kuepfer, I., Snell, P., Milligan, P., Ockenhouse, C., Ofori-Anyinam, O., Tinto, H. & Ouédraogo, J. B. (2022). Impact of seasonal RTS, S/AS01E vaccination plus seasonal malaria chemoprevention on the nutritional status of children in Burkina Faso and Mali. Malaria Journal, 21(1):59-58. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04077-x
Zongo, I., Milligan, P., Compaore, Y. D. A., Some, A. F., Greenwood, B., Tarning, J., Rosenthal, P. J., Sutherland, C., Nosten, F. & Ouedraogo, J. B. (2015). Randomised Noninferiority Trial of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Compared with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine for Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Burkina Faso. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(8):4387-96. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.04923-14
Sondo, P., Tahita, M. C., Rouamba, T., Derra, K., Kaboré, B., Compaoré, C. S., Ouédraogo,F., Rouamba, E., Ilboudo, H., Bambara, E. A., Nana, M., Sawadogo, E. Y., Sorgho, H., Somé, A. M., Valéa, I., Dahal, P., Maminata Traoré-Coulibaly, M. & Tinto, H. (2021). Assessment of a combined strategy of seasonal malaria chemo prevention and supplementation with vitamin A, zinc and Plumpy'DozTM to prevent malaria and malnutrition in children under 5 ears old in Burkina Faso: a randomised open-label trial (SMC-NUT). Trials, 22(1):360-65. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021- 05320-7
J. B., Tiono, A. B., Ouedraogo, A., Lambert, B., Ouedraogo, Z.A., Diarra, A., Traore, A., Lankouande, M., Soulama, I., Sanou, A., Worrall, E., Agboraw, E., Sagnon, N., Ranson, H., Churcher, T. S., Lindsay S. W., & Wilson, A. L. (2022). Risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection in south-west Burkina Faso: potential impact of expanding eligibility for seasonal malaria chemoprevention. Scientific Reports, 12(1):1402-10. DOI: 10.1038/s41598- 022-05056-7
Nonvignon, J., Aryeetey, G.C., Issah, S., Ansah, P., Malm, K.L., Ofosu, W., Tagoe, T., Agyemang, S.A., & Aikins, M. (2016). Cost-effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in upper west region of Ghana. Malaria Journal, 16 15):367-76. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1418-z
Druetz, T., Corneau-Tremblay, N., Millogo, T., Kouanda, S., Ly, A., Bicaba, A. & Haddad, S. (2018). Impact valuation of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention under Routine Program Implementation: A Quasi-Experimental tudy in urkina Faso. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 98(2):524-33. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17- 0599
Ward, C., Phillips, A., Oresanya, O., Olisenekwu, G., Arogunade, E., Moukénet, A., Beakgoubé, H., llambademel, V. D. P., Compaoré,C.S., Traoré, A., Ouedraogo, J. B., Compaoré, D. Y., Zongo,I., Donovan, L.,Decola, M. A., Smith, H. & Baker, K. (2019). Delivery of seasonal malaria chemoprevention with enhanced infection prevention nd control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Chad: a cross-sectional study. Malaria Journal, 21(1):103-11. DOI:10.1186/s12936-022-04091-z
Ministère de la Santé du Burkina Faso. (2019). Annuaire Statistique 2018. Direction générale des Etudes et des statistiques sectorielles 502p. https://www.insd.bf/sites/default/files/2022-01/RSN_2018_au_02-08-2019; Ashley, E.A., Pyae-Phyo, A. & Woodrow, C. J. (2018). Malaria. The Lancet, 391(10130):1608-21. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30324-6
Niyibizi, J. B. & Gatera, E. K. (2020). Diagnostic Performance between Histidine-Rich Protein 2 (HRP-2), a Rapid Malaria Diagnostic Test and Microscopic-Based Staining Techniques for Diagnosis of Malaria.Journal of TropicalMedicine, 14(2):541-53. DOI: 10.1155/2020/5410263
Banque Mondiale. Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100. (2019), http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/.23-11-2021
Maiga, H., Lasry, E., Diarra, M., Sagara. I.,Bamadio, A., Traore, A., Coumare, S., Bahonan, S., Sangare, B., Dicko, Y., Diallo, N., Tembely, A., Traore, D. & Djimde, A. A. (2016). SeasonalMalaria Chemoprevention with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Amodiaquine Selects Pfdhfr-dhps Quintuple Mutant Genotype in Mali. PLoS One, 11(9): 162-71. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162718
Tagbor, H., Antwi, G. D., Acheampong, P. R., BartPlange, C., Chandramohan, D. & Cairns, M. (2016).Seasonal malaria chemoprevention in an area of extended seasonal transmission in Ashanti, Ghana: an individually randomised clinical trial.Tropical Medicine & International Health, 21(2):224-35. DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12642
Konaté, D., Diawara, S.I., Touré, M., Diakité, S.A.S., Guindo, A., Traoré, K., Diarra, A., Keita, B., Thiam, S., Keita, M., Sissoko, I., Sogoba, N., Traoré, S.F., Krogtad, D.J., Doumbia, S. & Diakité M. (2020). Effect of routineseasonal malaria chemoprevention on malaria trends in children under 5 years in Dangassa, Mali. Malaria Journal, 9(1):137-44. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03202-y
Somé, F. A., Bazié, T., Ehrlich, H. Y., Goodwin, J., Lehane, A., Neya, C., Kabré, Z., Wade, M., Ouattara, J. M., Foy, B. D., Dabiré, R. K., Parikh, S. & Ouédraogo, J. B. (2020). Investigating selected host and parasite factors potentially impacting upon seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Bama, Burkina Faso. Malaria Journal, 19(1):238-48. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03311-8